Bulgaria

Sofia, the fiscal see of the country

Bulgaria /bʌlˈɡɛəriə/ (Bulgarian: България, Balgariya, IPA: [bɤ̞ɫˈɡarijɐ]), officially the Republic of Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, Republika Balgariya, IPA: [rɛˈpublikɐ bɤ̞ɫˈɡarijɐ]) is a province inward Southeast Europe. Republic of Bulgaria borders 5 other countries: Romania to the northward (mostly along the Danube), Serbia in addition to the Republic of Republic of Macedonia to the west, in addition to Hellenic Republic in addition to Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the province to the east.
Varna
With a territory of 110,994 foursquare kilometers (42,855 sq mi), Republic of Bulgaria ranks every bit the 15th-largest province inward Europe. Several mountainous areas define the landscape, most notably Stara Planina (the Balkan mountains) in addition to Rhodope mount ranges, every bit good every bit the Rila range, which includes the highest peak inward the entire Balkans. In contrast, the Danubian manifestly inward the northward in addition to the Upper Thracian Plain inward the southward stand upward for Bulgaria's lowest in addition to most fertile regions. The 378-kilometer (235 mi) Black Sea coastline covers the entire eastern jump of the country.

Sandstone formations nigh Melnik, southern Bulgaria

The emergence of a unified Bulgarian ethnicity in addition to province dates dorsum to the seventh century AD. All Bulgarian political entities that later emerged preserved the traditions (in ethnic name, linguistic communication in addition to alphabet) of the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018), which at times covered most of the Balkans in addition to became a cultural hub for the Slavs inward the Middle Ages. With the spend upward of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396), Bulgarian territories came nether Ottoman dominion for nearly 5 centuries. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 led to the institution of a Third Bulgarian province every bit a principality inward 1878, which gained its total sovereignty inward 1908. In 1945, after World War II, it became a communist province in addition to was a component subdivision of the Eastern Bloc until the political changes inward Eastern Europe inward 1989/1990, when the Communist Party allowed multi-party elections. Bulgarian politics undertook a transition to republic in addition to free-market capitalism was introduced.
The Black Sea every bit seen from Medni Rid peak nigh Burgas.

 
The Bulgarian regime functions every bit a parliamentary republic inside a unitary constitutional republic. Sofia, a global city, is the country's uppercase in addition to the twelfth largest small town inward the European Union. Republic of Bulgaria is a fellow member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization in addition to is a founding province of the OSCE in addition to the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization. Republic of Bulgaria has a high Human Development Index of 0.743, ranking 58th inward the earth inward 2010.
Some twenty nesting couples of the Eastern Imperial Eagle be inward Bulgaria, in addition to their publish is gradually growing
Hydrography in addition to climate

Rila mount is amid Bulgaria's primary tourist destinations.

The province has a dense network of nearly 540 rivers, most of them—with the notable exception of the Danube—short in addition to amongst depression water-levels.[56] Most rivers menses through mountainous areas. The longest river located alone inward Bulgarian territory, the Iskar, has a length of 368 kilometers (229 mi). Other major rivers include the Struma in addition to the Maritsa inward the south.
Bulgaria overall has a temperate climate, amongst mutual frigidity winters in addition to hot summers. The barrier result of the Balkan Mountains has some influence on climate throughout the province – northern Republic of Bulgaria experiences lower temperatures in addition to receives to a greater extent than pelting than the southern lowlands.
A Siemens railcar of the Bulgarian State Railways. Bulgaria's largely antiquated track carry arrangement is gradually beingness modernized

Precipitation averages nearly 630 millimeters (24.8 in) per year. In the lowlands rainfall varies betwixt 500 in addition to 800 millimeters (19.7 in addition to 31.5 in), in addition to inward the mount areas betwixt 1,000 in addition to 2,500 millimeters (39.4 in addition to 98.4 in) of pelting falls per year. Drier areas include Dobrudja in addition to the northern coastal strip, patch the higher parts of the Rila, Pirin, Rhodope Mountains, Stara Planina, Osogovska Mountain in addition to Vitosha have the highest levels of precipitation.

Sofia

Tourism
Main destinations include the uppercase Sofia, coastal resorts Albena, Sozopol, Nesebar, Golden Sands in addition to Sunny Beach in addition to wintertime resorts such every bit Pamporovo, Chepelare, Borovetz in addition to Bansko. The rural tourist destinations of Arbanasi in addition to Bozhentsi offering well-preserved ethnographic traditions. Other pop attractions include the 10th-century.
Tower of the 200 cm (79 in) telescope at the Rozhen Observatory
Culture
Traditional Bulgarian civilization contains mainly Thracian, Slavic in addition to Bulgar heritage, along amongst Greek, Roman, Ottoman in addition to Celtic influences. Thracian artifacts include numerous tombs in addition to golden treasures. The country's territory includes parts of the Roman provinces of Moesia, Thrace in addition to Macedonia, in addition to many of the archaeological discoveries engagement dorsum to Roman times, patch ancient Bulgars bring also left traces of their heritage inward music in addition to inward early on architecture. Both the First in addition to the Second Bulgarian empires functioned every bit the hub of Slavic civilization during much of the Middle Ages, exerting considerable literary in addition to cultural influence over the Eastern Orthodox Slavic earth past times way of the Preslav in addition to Ohrid Literary Schools. The Cyrillic alphabet, used every bit a writing arrangement to many languages inward Eastern Europe in addition to Asia, originated inward the old unopen to the ninth century AD.

 Burgas
 Plovdiv
Ancient Roman architecture inward Plovdiv, the oldest urban centre inward Europe and the sixth oldest small town inward the world, continuously inhabited since at to the lowest degree 3,000 BC






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