Stockholm

Nordic Museum, inward Djurgården

Stockholm (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈstɔkːˈhɔlm, ˈstɔkːˈɔlm, ˈstɔkːɔlm] is the upper-case missive of the alphabet in addition to the largest metropolis of Sweden in addition to constitutes the most populated urban surface area inward Scandinavia. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the Riksdag (parliament), in addition to the official residence of the Swedish monarch every bit good every bit the prime number minister. Since 1980, the monarch has resided at Drottningholm Palace exterior of Stockholm in addition to uses the Royal Palace of Stockholm every bit his workplace in addition to official residence. As of 2010, the Stockholm metropolitan surface area is dwelling trouble solid to to a greater extent than or less 22% of Sweden's population. Stockholm is the most populous metropolis inward Sweden, alongside a population of 851,155 inward the municipality (2010), 1.37 1000000 inward the urban surface area (2010), in addition to about 2.1 1000000 inward the 6,519 km2 (2,517.00 sq mi) metropolitan surface area (2010).

Public square, Stureplan

Founded no afterwards than circa 1250, mayhap every bit early on every bit 1187, Stockholm has long been i of Sweden's cultural, media, political, in addition to economical centres. Its strategic location on xiv islands on the south-central eastward coast of Sweden at the oral cavity of Lake Mälaren, past times the Stockholm archipelago, has been historically important. Stockholm has been nominated past times GaWC every bit a global city, alongside a ranking of Alpha-.In The 2008 Global Cities Index, Stockholm ranked 24th inward the world, tenth inward Europe, in addition to outset inward Scandinavia. Stockholm is known for its beauty, its buildings in addition to architecture, its abundant prepare clean in addition to opened upwardly water, in addition to its many parks. It is sometimes referred to every bit Venice of the North.

Shopping street, Drottninggatan

Climate

Stockholm, alongside a Feb hateful of −3 °C (26.6 °F), depending on the Definition used, lies straight on the edge betwixt the humid continental in addition to oceanic zones (Köppen Dfb / Cfb). Due to the city's high northerly latitude, daylight varies widely from to a greater extent than than xviii hours about midsummer, to simply about vi hours inward belatedly December. Despite its northern location, Stockholm has relatively mild conditions compared to other locations at like latitude, or fifty-fifty further south.

Hötorget buildings, seen from Sveavägen

Summers are warm in addition to pleasant alongside average daytime high temperatures of 20–22 °C (68–72 °F) in addition to lows of about thirteen °C (55 °F), but temperatures could achieve thirty °C (86 °F) on some days. Winters are cold, in addition to sometimes snowy alongside average temperatures ranging from -5 to 1 °C (23 to 34 °F), in addition to sometimes driblet below −15 °C (5 °F). Spring in addition to autumn are to a greater extent than oft than non cool to mild.

The climate tabular array below presents conditions information from the years 1961 - 1990. According to ongoing measurements, the temperature has increased during the years 1991 - 2009 every bit compared alongside the concluding series. This increment is on annual footing about 1.0 °C (roughly 1.8 °F). Warming is most pronounced during the wintertime months, alongside an increment of to a greater extent than than 2.0 °C (around a 3.6 °F - four °F increase) inward January.

Southern Södermalm in addition to Johanneshov

The highest temperature always recorded inward Stockholm was 36 °C (97 °F) inward July 3 1811; the lowest was −31 °C (−24 °F) inward Jan twenty 1814. However, the temperature has non dropped to below −25.1 °C (−13.2 °F) since Jan 10, 1987

Annual atmospheric precipitation is 539 mm (21.2 in) alongside about 170 moisture days in addition to low-cal to moderate rainfall throughout the year. Snow mainly occurs from Dec through March alongside some winters bringing enough of snow, patch others are milder alongside to a greater extent than pelting than snow.

Northern Södermalm in addition to the distich to Riddarholmen

Transport

Public transport

Stockholm has an extensive world carry system, i that past times at to the lowest degree i mensurate is the most expensive inward the world. It consists of the Stockholm Metro (Tunnelbana); ii urban rail systems, Roslagsbanan in addition to Saltsjöbanan; in addition to a suburban rail system: the Stockholm commuter rail (pendeltåg), 3 low-cal rail systems: Nockebybanan, Lidingöbanan, in addition to Tvärbanan; a tramway: Spårväg City; a large issue of motorbus lines, in addition to the inner-city boat delineate Djurgårdsfärjan. All the land-based world carry inward Stockholm County, except the airdrome buses/trains, are organized past times Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (SL), alongside the performance in addition to maintenance of Earth carry services delegated to several contractors, such every bit MTR who operate the underground in addition to Veolia Transport who operate the suburban railways except for the commuter rail. The archipelago boat traffic is handled past times Waxholmsbolaget.

Stockholm City Museum, inward Slussen

SL has a mutual ticket organization inward the entire Stockholm County, which allows for tardily locomote betwixt dissimilar modes of transport. The tickets are of ii primary types, unmarried ticket in addition to locomote cards, both allowing for unlimited locomote alongside SL inward the entire Stockholm County for the duration of the ticket validity. Starting Apr 1, 2007, a novel zone organization (A, B, C) in addition to cost organization applies for unmarried tickets. Single tickets are forthwith available inward forms of cash ticket, private unit of measurement pre-paid tickets, pre-paid ticket slips of 10, sms-ticket in addition to machine ticket. Cash tickets bought at the betoken of locomote are the most expensive in addition to pre-paid tickets slips of 10 are the cheapest. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 unmarried ticket is valid for i hour. The duration of the locomote carte du jour validity depends on the exact type; they are available from 24 hours upwardly to a year. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 30-day carte du jour costs 790 SEK (83 EUR; 130 USD). Tickets of all these types are available alongside reduced prices for persons nether twenty in addition to over 65 years of age

View of the ii Kungstornen buildings

The City Line Project, or The Green Tunnel

With estimated cost at SEK 16.8 billion (January 2007 cost level), which equals to 2.44 billion States dollars, the City Line, an environmentally certified project, comprises a vi km-long commuter educate tunnel (in stone in addition to water) beneath Stockholm, alongside ii novel stations (Stockholm City in addition to Stockholm Odenplan), in addition to a 1.4 km-long railway distich at Årsta. The City Line is beingness built past times the Swedish Transport Administration inward co-operation alongside the City of Stockholm, Stockholm County Council, in addition to Stockholm Transport, SL. As Stockholm Central Station is overloaded, the role of this projection is to double the city’s rails capacity in addition to ameliorate service efficiency. Operations are scheduled to laid about inward 2017.

Between Riddarholmen in addition to Söder Mälarstrand, the City Line volition run through a submerged concrete tunnel. As a dark-green project, the City Line includes the purification of waste materials water; vibrations reduction through sound-attenuating tracks; the work of synthetic diesel, which provides users alongside prepare clean air; in addition to the recycling of excavated rocks.

Nordiska Kompaniet's subdivision store

Roads

Stockholm is at the junction of the European routes E4, E18 in addition to E20. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 half-completed thruway band route exists on the due south in addition to westward sides of the City Centre.

Front thought of Scaniabanken

Congestion charges

Stockholm has a congestion pricing system, Stockholm congestion tax, inward work on a permanent footing since August 1, 2007, after having had a 7 calendar month trial menstruum inward the outset one-half of 2006. The City Centre is inside the congestion taxation zone. All the entrances in addition to exits of this surface area stimulate got unmanned command points operating alongside automatic issue plate recognition. All vehicles entering or exiting the congestion taxation affected area, alongside a few exceptions, stimulate got to pay 10–20 SEK (1.09–2.18 EUR, 1.49–2.98 USD) depending on the fourth dimension of solar daytime betwixt 06:30 in addition to 18:29. The maximum taxation amount per vehicle per solar daytime is threescore SEK (6.53 EUR, 8.94 USD). Payment is done past times diverse agency inside xiv days after i has passed i of the command points, i cannot pay at the command points.

Five star luxury Grand Hôtel

After the trial menstruum was over, consultative referendums were held inward Stockholm Municipality in addition to several other municipalities inward Stockholm County. The then-reigning authorities (cabinet Persson) stated that they would simply accept into consideration the results of the plebiscite inward Stockholm Municipality. The opposition parties (Alliance for Sweden) stated that they were to shape a cabinet after the full general election—which was held the same solar daytime every bit the congestion taxation referendums—they would accept into consideration the referendums held inward several the other municipalities every bit well, but did non specify to a greater extent than inward exceptional how they would create that. The results of the referendums were that the Stockholm Municipality voted for the congestion tax, but all the other municipalities voted against it. The opposition parties won the full general election in addition to a few days earlier they formed authorities (cabinet Reinfeldt) they announced that the congestion taxation would live on reintroduced inward Stockholm, but that the revenue would instruct simply to route structure inward in addition to about Stockholm. During the trial menstruum in addition to according to the agenda of the previous authorities the revenue went simply to world transport.

Historical buildings on Stortorget inward Old town

Ferries

Stockholm has regular ferry lines to Helsinki in addition to Turku inward Republic of Finland (commonly called "Finlandsfärjan"); Tallinn, Estonia; Riga, Latvia, Åland islands in addition to to Saint Petersburg. The large Stockholm archipelago is served past times the Waxholmsbolaget archipelago boats.

Stockholm Marathon, on Djurgårdsbron

City bikes

Between Apr in addition to October, during the warmer months, it is possible to rent Stockholm City Bikes past times purchasing a bike carte du jour online or through retailers. Cards allow users to rent bikes from whatsoever Stockholm City Bikes stand upwardly spread across the metropolis in addition to render them inward whatsoever stand. There are ii types of cards: the Season Card (valid from Apr 1 to Oct 31) in addition to the 3-day card. When their validity runs out they tin sack live on reactivated in addition to are thus reusable. Bikes tin sack live on used for upwardly to 3 hours per loan in addition to tin sack live on rented from Mon to Lord's Day from vi am to 10 pm.

Stockholm Central Station.

Airports

StockholmStockholm-Arlanda Airport is the largest in addition to busiest airdrome inward Sweden alongside xviii 1000000 passengers inward 2007. It is located almost forty km due north of Stockholm.

l International in addition to domestic:

Ø Stockholm-Arlanda Airport (IATA: ARN, ICAO: ESSA) is the primary airdrome for the portion in addition to serves every bit a hub for Scandinavian Airlines.

Ø Stockholm-Bromma Airport (IATA: BMA, ICAO: ESSB) is located almost 8 km (5.0 mi) westward of Stockholm.

l Only international:

Ø Stockholm-Skavsta Airport (IATA: NYO, ICAO: ESKN) is located 100 km (62 mi) due south of Stockholm.

Ø Stockholm-Västerås Airport (IATA: VST, ICAO: ESOW) is located 110 km (68 mi) westward of Stockholm, inward the metropolis of Västerås.

Ø Arlanda Express airdrome rail link runs betwixt Arlanda Airport in addition to key Stockholm. There are too motorbus lines, Flygbussarna, that run betwixt key Stockholm in addition to all the airports.

As of 2010 at that spot are no airports specifically for full general aviation inward the Stockholm area.

Greater Stockholm's commuter train.

Inter-city trains

Stockholm Central Station has educate connections to many Swedish cities every bit good every bit to Oslo, Kingdom of Norway in addition to Copenhagen, Denmark. The pop X 2000 service to Gothenburg takes 3 hours. Most of the trains are run past times SJ AB.

Nationalmuseum.

Stockholm City Hall.

Stockholm Olympic Stadium.

Gamla stan.

Strandvägen every bit seen from the isle of Djurgården.

Söder Torn, an 86 meter tall edifice inward Södermalm.

Stockholm School of Economics.

A 360 grade panorama of Stockholm inner quarters taken from the City Hall tower. From left to right: Riddarfjärden alongside Södermalm inward the background, Kungsholmen, Klara sjö, Norrmalm alongside the key station inward the foreground, Stockholms ström, Riddarholmen alongside the Old Town, in addition to over again Riddarfjärden alongside Södermalm